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Athletes often struggle with breathlessness. This is not only common for an individual exercising for the first time but also for the experienced athlete During increased rate and depth of breathing (hyperpnea), the relative cost of breathing increases exponentially when moving from moderate exercise to heavy and maximal exercise levels. (1) While at moderate exercise, the cost of the respiratory system accounts for

“many do not enjoy themselves due to breathlessness” Avid recreational golfers, weekend hackers and serious players alike, probably take to the golf course once a week. This is also often the only exercise that they get. It should be a time of enjoyment and relaxation after a busy and stressful work or travel schedule. Unfortunately, many do not enjoy themselves due to breathlessness, fatigue and subseque

Hemoglobin carries Oxygen Breathing correctly is important to the oxygen (O2) transfer from our blood to our muscles and organs. Hemoglobin is the protein molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs The air we breathe contains 21% oxygen. The O2 saturation (SpO2) in the blood of a healthy individual, which is